Jeremiah carhart



J.GARHARTQ Y UNITING METAL PLATES.'

No.1L413. Penied.Aug.1,1854

JEREMIAH CARHART, or NEW roRK,.i\f.r.`

MACHINE FOR UNITING PLATES F METAL OF THIIGKNESS.`

t Specication of Letters Patent No. 11,413, ;dated"August `1, 1854.

To all whom t may concern: i Be it known that I, JEREMIAH CARHART, of the city,"county`, and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Punching Apparatus for Uniting Plates of Metal of Unequal Thickness; and I do here# l by declare that the following is afull, clear, n and exact description `of the same, `reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, specication, n in` forming part of this whichf- Figure l, is

cording to my invention. Fig.`2, is averticalsection `of the same, at right angles to Fig. lh Fig. 3, is ahorizontal section of the same, in the line"( of Figs. 1 and` 2. Fig. t, is a plan of the upset plate, and the mechanism by which it is operated. Fig. 5, is a vertical section `of the punch and die, on

` a larger scale `than the former gures. Fig.

` a punch and diewith the thickerpiece next` 6,.is a vertical sectional view of the die,` punch and. upset plate. Figs. 7 and 8 are a` `face view and` section showingtwo plates` united `by `my. invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate `cor-` responding parts of the several figures.

This invention is for the purpose of uniting two plates` or pieces of metal of unequal thickness by placing them together, between `the` punch, andfthethinner piece next the die, and then by pressure" applied to the punch forcing a portion of thethicker plate i or piece throi1`gh"`the thinner one. `It consists inta certain construction of the punch. and die for driving one `portion throughtheotheijijalso in certainmeans of upsetting or ici'vetting that part of the thicker plate1 which is `protruded through n the thinner one. QM

To enable those skilled in the art" to make and use my invention, I will proceed tol describe the manner in which itis to be per-` formed. L] p n The press, lwhich I have represented, is a screw press,"of well'known construction and thereforeneeds no particular description except of the punch, die, andother parts to which my inventionrelates. "An'y punching press may be adapted to the purpose. The

" punch (a) maybe of square o-r any other form most desirable. The die (b) i-s of a form corresponding withthe punch, but instead of being like l the dieinlthe common punching press, large enough to receive the" n n a front elevation, partly sec` tional, `of, a punching. press constructed ace` `which gear `with each other.

punch, itis just so much smaller than the punch aste prevent its entrance. Except"d the above" described difference in their sizes, the punch and'die are similar tolthoseiused in the common punchingpress.'`

The punch is itted and `secured in an iron` `or steel stock (c), which is securedin the slide, A, of the press, and the face of this stock `ismade with a concaverecess (d), (see Fig. 5,) so that when it bears: upon any surface it only bears with a small ring shaped surface around the edges. Above" thedie there is a fixed yoke (e), `which serves the double purpose of guiding the" punch stock and of removing the plates or pieces of metal from the punch, as the latter rises, afterhaving finished its operation.

At one side of the bed of the press there is an `upright standard B, (see Fig. 1,) which carries the arbors (7) (g) oftwo horizontal toothed segments (it) and The segment (it) carries an arm (j), at the end of which is a steel plate (la), which is capable of moving to such a position `as to cover the die, and may be termed `the upset plate, which is intended to upset the part of the 'thicker plate or piece of metal which is protruded `through the thin plat-e `or piece, and it has also a tooth (fu) separate from the gearingteeth, and at such a distance therei from `as to allow the point of a spring to fall between `them and the said tooth (,01 The other segment (tf) carriesan arm n(Z which is connected `by a rod with `the lower end of a lever (n), whose fulcrum is a horizontalstud (r) secured to one side of the head of the press. The upper end of this lever is bent to a suitableform, to be struck `by the fly lever, C, ofthepress.

The fly lever, C, carries a spring tongue (o.) which is pivot/ed to it and hangs below it, so

as to be capable of strikingthe arm (Z)of l i the'segment (i). "The tongue (0) when the part of the `lever to which it is attachedV moves `backward is brought to a rigid position when its point meets with any resistance, as its upper end is then forced into contact with a xed pin (p) (see Fig. 2) in the side of the fly lever, but when the tongue moves forward its spring (g) allows it to swing and pass any obstacle it may meet.

The: press# represented is particularly adapted tothe manufacture of reeds for musical` instruments, and for the purpose nf allowing the pieces of metal to be `placed 1n 'altogether dispensed with.

proper position therezis a. gage (s), which stands upl on three sides of the punch. For some purposes a different gage would be required, and for others the gage might be In other respects the same press would serve for articles of any form, and by describing itsoperation l the application vof my invention to various purposes, will be understood. Two pieces ofmetal (u). are represented in the press in Figs. l, 2, 5,l and 6 and out of the press in Figs. 7 and 8, the thicker piece (Z) in all the `sections being colored to represent brass and the thinner piece (a) to represent copper, for the sake of distinction. The

'two pieces are placed together onv the die,

. the thicker piece upward, to be acted on by the punch. The fly lever is then moved` (I will suppose by hand, but it may be by power) to apply thepressure, and the punch acting on theupper surface of the plate (t) forces a quantity of metal from fthe under side of said plate down into the plate (u), the metal so forced down from (t) serving as a punch to drive a portion of corresponding in size with the die through the die, as represented in Fig. 5. The length .of the entry of the punch is regulated by the face of the stock (c) com-ing in Contact with the lplate During thepunching operation the upset plate (la) is supposed to have been stationary in the `position represented in Fig. 3, being so held by the spring but as soon as the punching operation has been performed the left hand end of the fly lever is thrown back, and that raises the punch, and with it the pieces of meta-l (t) (u), which remain tightly attached to it and to each other suiiiciently high to allow the upset plate to move under the lower piece (u) on to the die. The above motion given to the fly lever must be suflicient to bring the tongue (o), whose path is indicated in Fig. 3 by a red line, in contact with the arm (Z) and to move back the arm (Z) far enough for the segment to move the segment (it) such a distance as is necessary for the tooth (fu) to throw back the spring and move past the center of the round end of the same, when the pressure of the spring toward the axis of the segment acting on the tooth (la) suddenly moves the segments far enough to throw the upset plate on to the die, when the spring assumes theposition shown in Fig. t. 'Ihe mot-ion of the iiy lever must now be reversed vto depressl the punch again, and the pressure" th'us givenV to the bottom of the hole in by the punch and around the said hole'by the ring shaped face of the punch stock (Z) brings the part of the plate Y 1(25) which protrudes through (u) forcibly intocontact with the upset plate which has a firm bearing on the die, and upsets. or rivets it. The left hand end of the y leverv is again moved backward, and 'this time owing to the changed position of the arm (Z) as may be seen 1n Fig. 4, where the path of the tongue (0) is represented by a red dotted line, the tongue (0) passes the arm (Z) without touching it, and the motion of the lever is continued till it (the lever) comes in contact with the upper end of the lever (n), as shown in'dotted lines in Fig. 2, and drives it back, driving the lower end of the lever and the arm (Z) forward until by the actio-n of the segment the tooth (o) vis caused to pass the center of the rounded throws the tooth suddenly forward and falls into the space between the tooth (fv) and the gearing teeth, leaving the upset plate again in the position indicated in Fig. l3. rlhe fly lever in moving back to the lever (a). turns the press screw sufficiently to bring the point of the punch to a level with the lower surface of the yoke (e) and thus the piece of metal z5) being arrested by the yoke as soon as the bottom of the punch stock is broughtl to the same height as the bottoni of the yoke the punch is drawn from the metal, which falls on the upset 'plate and is thrown from the press as the upset plate moves from the position shown in Fig. 4L to that shown in Fig. 5. The press as soon as the upset plate is thrown forward is ready to repeat Aits operation, and in moving the fly lever for the next punching operation the tongue r(o) swings over the arm (Z) without moving it.

It will be understood that two movements of the punch are necessary to unite they rafter the' firstoperation the fly lever only requires to move far enough to move the arm (Z) and throw the ups-et plate over the l die, and in the second it requires to move fary enough to move the lever (n) to throwl theupset plate forward.

I will here remark that although it is possible to perform theoperation uniting tw'o plates or pieces with a punch or die constructed like those in the common punching press, it is performed very imperfectly, as the punch has a tendency to separate that portion of the thicker plate which it drives toward and into the thinner plate; but when the punch is a little larger than the die, the metal is compressed around the edges of the die and the pin or portion forced out of its place by the punch remains solid. I will also remark that the concavity in the face of the punch holder (c) is made to allow the metal to be compressed toward the punch by 4the edges of the punch holder during the upsetting process. I will` further remark thatxfor some purposes the upsetting or riveting of the protruding part of the thicker plate or piece of metal, may in some cases-be dispensed with, as when the punch and die are properly constructed the part of the thicker plate or piece forced into the thinner one fits so tightly that the two can only be separated by the application of very great force.

What I claim as `my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is` 1. Making the punch and die of such relative sizes that the punch shall be incapable of entering the die at all, or of entering it with the same degree of freedom as would be necessary, an ordinary punching operation, as `herein set forth.

2. Making the punch holder (c) with a concave recess (LZ) in its face, or` otherwise furnishing the back of the` punch with a shouldered face, which shall bear upon the p face of the piece of metal, which is entered by the punch, only in a ring at a distance from the punch, substantially as herein described.'

3- The employment of an upset plate (7a) placed as described after the punching operation, between the die, and that portion of one plate or piece of metal, which is p-ro- 1 truded lthrough the other, so that by repeatf ing the movement of the punch the said protruding portion may be upset or riveted. This I claim irrespective of any mechanism that may be employed to carry the upset plate to. and from the die.

t. JEREMIAH CARHART.

Witnesses:

S. H. WALES,

J. W. HAMILTON. 

